| Zeus | Jupiter | King of the gods; sky, thunder, and law |
| Hera | Juno | Queen of the gods; marriage and family |
| Poseidon | Neptune | Sea, earthquakes, and horses |
| Demeter | Ceres | Harvest, agriculture, and fertility |
| Athena | Minerva | Wisdom, warfare, and crafts |
| Apollo | Apollo | Sun, music, prophecy, and healing |
| Artemis | Diana | Hunt, wilderness, and the moon |
| Ares | Mars | War and battle |
| Aphrodite | Venus | Love, beauty, and desire |
| Hephaestus | Vulcan | Fire, forge, and metalworking |
| Hermes | Mercury | Messenger of the gods; travel, trade, and thieves |
| Dionysus | Bacchus | Wine, festivity, and theater (often replaces Hestia, goddess of the hearth) |